Occupation salary profile

Astronomers

SOC 19-2011 BLS OEWS May 2025 H-1B LCAs, last 12 months

Observe, research, and interpret astronomical phenomena to increase basic knowledge or apply such information to practical problems.

National median · BLS
$128,820
▼ -2.53% YoY
H-1B sponsor median
$83,500
▼ -0.23% YoY · 117 LCAs
Average salary · BLS
$132,920
Mean annual wage
U.S. employment
2,120
Jobs (BLS)
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Enter your pay and a location to see where you stand against BLS and H-1B pay, your estimated take-home pay, and your purchasing power.

Pay range for Astronomers

Annual base pay at each percentile. BLS covers all U.S. workers in this occupation; H-1B covers 117 certified Labor Condition Applications filed by sponsoring employers in the last 12 months.

Percentile All U.S. workers (BLS) H-1B sponsored
10th — entry pay$78,010$66,495
25th$99,920$74,500
Median (50th)$128,820$83,500
75th$166,000$100,900
90th — top pay$195,190$123,459
H-1B sponsors pay a median of $83,500 for Astronomers — 35.2% below the BLS national median of $128,820.

Hourly ⇄ annual pay

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Based on hrs/week × weeks/year = 2,080 hrs
Projections 2025–2035

Job outlook for Astronomers

BLS projects employment of astronomers to grow 7.8% from 2025 to 2035, faster than the 3.5% average for all occupations. About 100 openings are projected each year, on average, from new jobs and from replacing workers who retire or move to other occupations.

Jobs 2025 → 2035
2,400 → 2,600
+200 jobs
Projected change
+7.8%
All occupations: +3.5%
Openings per year
100
Average, 2025–2035
Typical entry education
Doctoral or professional degree
No related experience required
Self-employed
5.8% of workers (2025)
Preparation needed (O*NET Job Zone 5)
Extensive Preparation Needed. Most of these occupations require graduate school. For example, they may require a master's degree, and some require a Ph.D., M.D., or J.D. (law degree).

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections 2025–2035 · BLS Occupational Outlook Handbook →

H-1B sponsored pay

Pay by H-1B wage level

Employers assign every H-1B filing a Department of Labor prevailing-wage level, from Level I (entry) to Level IV (fully competent). Pay rises steeply with level.

H-1B median $83,500
Change vs prior year -0.23%
After inflation (CPI-U) -3.26%
Wage level LCAs Share P25 Median P75
Level I 73 62.4% $69,680 $77,923 $88,000
Level II 24 20.5% $84,048 $90,508 $107,195
H-1B job titles

Salaries by job title in Astronomers

The 2 most-filed job titles inside SOC 19-2011, from 117 H-1B filings. Seniority words and level numbers are grouped (“Senior Data Engineer II” counts as Data Engineer). Tap a title for its full range, wage levels and the exact titles employers used.

Job title LCAs Share P25 Median P75 YoY
Research Associate 11 9.4% $77,962 $91,921 $108,000 +7.65%
Postdoctoral Scholar 10 8.55% $77,118 $81,136 $81,967 +5.37%

Titles are cleaned from the employer's own LCA text (codes and typos removed, nothing invented). Rows need 10+ filings in this SOC.

Skills & tools

Skills needed for Astronomers

How important each skill and knowledge area is for this job, rated by O*NET on a 1–5 scale from surveys of workers and occupational analysts.

Top skills
  • Reading Comprehension4.3
  • Science4.3
  • Critical Thinking4.1
  • Mathematics4.1
  • Writing4.1
  • Active Learning4.0
  • Active Listening4.0
  • Speaking4.0
  • Learning Strategies3.8
  • Judgment and Decision Making3.6
Top knowledge areas
  • Physics5.0
  • Mathematics4.9
  • Computers and Electronics4.2
  • English Language4.0
  • Education and Training3.4
  • Engineering and Technology3.2
  • Chemistry3.0
  • Communications and Media2.4
Software and technology used
CC++PythonThe MathWorks MATLABApache HadoopIBM SPSS StatisticsLinuxMicrosoft ExcelMicrosoft Office softwareMicrosoft PowerPointMicrosoft WordOracle JavaRSASStructured query language SQLAbstraction plus reference plus synthesis A++Adaptive optics AO simulation softwareAnalyze

Highlighted = in demand: frequently listed in employer job postings for this occupation (O*NET).

Source: O*NET 31.0 Database by the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA), used under the CC BY 4.0 license. O*NET® is a trademark of USDOL/ETA.

About the job

What astronomers do

  • Analyze research data to determine its significance, using computers.
  • Present research findings at scientific conferences and in papers written for scientific journals.
  • Study celestial phenomena, using a variety of ground-based and space-borne telescopes and scientific instruments.
  • Collaborate with other astronomers to carry out research projects.
  • Mentor graduate students and junior colleagues.
  • Supervise students' research on celestial and astronomical phenomena.
  • Teach astronomy or astrophysics.
  • Develop theories based on personal observations or on observations and theories of other astronomers.
Also called
AstronomerAstronomy Outreach CoordinatorAstrophysicistResearch Astrophysicist
More job titles for this occupation (15)
CosmologistExtragalactic AstronomerGalactic AstronomerHigh-Energy AstrophysicistInstitute ScientistOptical AstronomerPlanetary AstronomerPostdoc Scientist (Postdoctoral Scientist)Postdoctoral Associate (Postdoc Associate)Postdoctoral Research Associate (Postdoc Research Associate)Postdoctoral Scholar (Postdoc Scholar)Radio AstronomerSolar AstronomerStellar AstronomerTheoretical Astronomer

Source: O*NET 31.0 (USDOL/ETA, CC BY 4.0). These are general job titles, not H-1B filings; for titles employers actually filed, see “Job titles” above.